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ti-cas documentations
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| TI-92,
the first platform in the word ! |
-
THE SPLIT-SCREEN
OF THE
TI-92
- IS THE THE IMAGE OF THE
TWO DIMENSIONS OF YOUR BRAIN.
- All are known that the right brain manages
the creative functions and the left brain the switching functions.
-
- The TI-92 of Texas Instruments can satisfy
ad infinitum both with dimensions your brain.
|
|
- TI-92: 1Mo ROM memory
- 128ko RAM ext. at 256ko
- TI-92 Plus: 2Mo EEPROM
memory
- 198 KB RAM+ 703KB Archive
- Microprocessor 68000 at 12MHz
- Symbolic systems results
- Computer Algebra System
- Graphics 3D
- Interactive geometry, Flash APPlicationS.
- Text editor
|
- By
designing the mathematical the most powerful tool of the market, Texas Instruments
revolutionized the world of the calculators.
More
than one simple computer, the TI-92 is the first mathematical platform.
It
integrates of the powerful software (formal calculation and interactive geometry)
up to now available only on computers, with a facility of astonishing use (keyboard
of computer, intuitive use, unrolling menus, syntactic assistance, catalogues...).
The
expressions and results are displayed in the form of symbols as in a book.
Computer
Algebra System
Link
towards " cards methods " for TI-89.92.92 Plus
Just like
the graphic computers raised the barriers of exploration and of the discovery,
the TI-92 gets a similar advantage for handling symbolic systems.
Once that
the students included/understood the methods of factorization, they will have
the means of exploring the results in the form of expressions,
which usually take time and are difficult to obtain. The TI-92 will also help
them to apprehend the concepts of derivation and integration (primitives) which
are of primary importance to know.
The major
benefit is to make available the concepts of analysis thanks
to handling related to formal calculation and to leave the
place to think of the true mathematical problems.
The
computer algebra system of the TI-92 was developed jointly by Texas
Instruments and the authors of DERIVE from Soft Warehouse.
This collaboration gives freedom now to seek a symbolic system result
within the general framework, which was possible hitherto only in computer
rooms with suitable software. These prospects are intended to help the student,
to cultivate it and lead it to help mathematics.
TI-92
has more than 10.000 integrated functions.
- Here below presentation
of 3 of them:
- - derived
- - primitive
- - setting with the
common denominator
Judge
power of this software...
Interactive
geometry Environment:
- CABRI
2
-
Link
towards page CabriII applications on TI-89.92.92 Plus
- -
Complete and intuitive
- Includes
the Euclidean geometry, refines, analytical and the geometric transformations.
- -
Of easy training, it is simple to use
- Even
step that with a pencil and a compass - nothing easier!
- -
Modifications of the geometric figures to the screen
- The
pupils see the models, make assumptions and draw their own conclusions.
- -
Display of the equations
- ...
of the basic geometrical figures of which right-hand sides, circles, ellipses,
co-ordinates.
- -
integrated mathematical Search
- Study
of the phenomena in real situation.
OTHER
POSSIBILITIES:
- -
Construction of points, right-hand sides, triangles, polygons and other figures.
- -
Conical easy to build, including the ellipses and hyperboles.
- -
Cartesian and polar Co-ordinates.
- -
the checking of the geometrical properties confirms the assumptions based
on five postulates of Euclide.
- -
analytical Geometry
- -
Study of the advanced concepts in projective and hyperbolic geometry.
- ...
and so much of other things...
The professors wished
a tool of training with the geometry Euclidienne, Analytique, Affine
and of the transformations. Texas Instruments listened.
The geometry of TI-92.92 Plus
was jointly developed by TI and the authors of CABRI, of the university
Joseph Fourier - Grenoble (FR).
Now, the students can
build interactive geometrical figures which use lines, triangles, circles, polygons,
arcs or any other geometrical form basic. Moreover, the training and the use
are easy. Now, the students can make translations, rotations, or other
transformations of objects simply.
The geometry of TI-89.92.92 Plus
makes it possible to the students to follow the advance of the mathematical
discovery through demonstrations while exploring and by learning the
principles.
- The
geometry of TI-89.92.92 Plus is a powerful tool for investigation and of
discovered of a broad variety of models, relations and connections in
mathematics.
- Statistical
calculations:
- All the graphic computers
are able to draw up the curve of a table of values. They can plot curves of
regression even there. The #TI-92 makes well more, since it is able to display
7 different curves, give their equations (adjustment exponential, logarithmic
curve, power, quadratic... 3 and 4° order polynomials), and to draw a
picture of statistical calculations. With TI-89/92 Plus you can download the
"STATS WITH LIST EDITOR" Flash-APPlication.
Spreadsheet:
- It is possible to
enter of the symbolic expressions the boxes of the sorter. Each box can depend
one on the other, and they are re-initialized as in Excel when a change is
made!
-
Text
editor:
- The TI-92 has a specific
environment to the data entry and the word processing. One finds the functions
to copy, stick, cross and seek. Moreover, it is possible to introduce executable
commands.
- The professors can
thus save a " computation sheet " to take it again later.
- One can easily make
display an image, preceded by a sharing of screen.
- The qwerty
keyboard offers a great comfort for the input of the texts.
Layout
of functions:
- One can obtain the
curve representative of functions closely connected, parameterized, polar
and the behavior of continuations. As on some other computers, one can represent
functions 3D But what is remarkable with the TI-92, it is that it does not
remake calculations when one wishes to modify the angles of sight. It has
the figure in " the spirit " and is able to make it swivel without recalculation.
And I do not speak about TI-89-92 Plus with his real-time 3D animations !
- Only the TI-92 offers
such a resolution for the layout of curves. The screen makes it possible to
more easily observe the points of inflection and graining.
And
still...
- Catalogue commands
with display of syntax to be respected in the line of state.
- Possibility of saving
up to 99 calculations in the pile in the course of use.
- horizontal, vertical
split-screen #1/1 #2/1 #1/2.
- Possibility for the
professors of connecting the TI-92 to luminous intensity, temperature gauges,
tension, pH, force... via the CBL, CBL2 and CBR.
- Advanced Programming
with parameters, global and local variables , recursivity, pointers, concatenation,
cycles, limp of dialogue, bars tasks...
- #1Mo of ROM for the
TI-92, 2Mo eeprom for TI-92 Plus...
Programming:
- In addition the
10.000 integrated functions, the user can create programs, but also
functions. The TI-92 have 70008 bytes, the TI-92II 200000 bytes, and TI-92 Plus
198000 + 720000 bytes with 2 storage areas
- The language of the
TI-89/92 is a " Turbo-Pascal - like " which unfortunately
is interpreted, therefore not compiled. The number of integrated functions
makes it possible to make things which were not inevitably envisaged when
designing machine.
- Although it has a
processor Motorola 68000 at 12MHz, it is
normal that the games written in TI' language are not hyper fast: when such
a prog is carried out, the TI-89/92 permanently exerts a very strict control
on the syntax chosen by the user. These fastidious controls inevitably penalize
the speed of execution.
- With such a processor,
it would be rather pleasant to program directly in machine language,
or on an intermediate level, the assembler. The TI-89 and
TI-92 Plus propose a command " exec " which makes it possible
to use the codes of processor 68000.
- But contrary to the
standard #language (where one is guided in corrections by the error messages),
one must avoid here proceeding by successive unwise tests. A remark is essential
obviously: it is out of question of wanting to program in machine language
if one does not have a link with a PC.
- For the TI-92 and
TI9II, one can introduce a core into RAM, FARGO wich proposes
this type of handling.
- But warning!!! Unless
knowing perfectly the softwares of formal calculation, this type of programming
is only use to the creation of games. The " TI - language "
is thus interesting since one can use the fonctionnabilities of the TI-92
there: limits, Taylor, comdenom, derivaties, primitive, decompositions LU
and QR...
Conclusion:
- A true revolution
shook the universe of the calculators. Texas Instruments created the TI-92,
the first platform in the world to make mathematics , to
integrate immense possibilities of formal calculation (CAS), and a software
of interactive geometry.
- At the hour when formal
calculation appears in the teaching of the scientific preparatory classes
(but with expensive software on powerful computers), one can thus only be
pleased that it is accessible to a very great number of students, that it
is not confined any more at the laboratories of data processing, but whom
it opens on the contrary with a daily use, in class or at the house.
The TI-92 makes it possible
to make experiments. It allows a better comprehension of certain physical phenomena
(in particular with cabriII), saves time and makes like mathematics with the
pupils more.
It does not make
math in the place of the student, it helps it to make some more and
to better make some. It relieves it of the most repetitive tasks, enables him
to check its own calculations, thus leaving him time to think of the finalities
of the exercise which is posed to him, and why not prolong it...
- And even if the student
use the TI-92 to treat certain symbolic calculations, where is the problem
?
- Mathematics is not
limited to tiresome calculations, and if there is, they do not form the most
beautiful share of this topic !...
- Is it necessary to
continue to penalize the inattentive pupil who, following an error of carelessness,
will lose much time or will accumulate false results if the continuation of
the problem uses a false result, all that for it does not have a tool simply
enabling him to check ? (let us not forget that many future
engineers are also inattentive ... it was my case!)
- Shouldn't one better
encourage qualities of intuition of the pupil, of sagacity and as intelligence
in the approach of the problem arising rather than of mechanical faculties
#purements like the facility to perhaps unroll lines of calculations without
a fault but also without too #nse to worry about it with what these calculations
can be used?
-
- It would be a shame
which the professors prohibit constantly the computers at the time of a supervised
duty: the TI-92 gives " only " the results and consequently the pupil must
be able to show the solution with the problem arising. Each
pupil is thus with equality. Of agreement, one can dissect (function PART)
an expression in his various elements, which makes it possible to do a lot
of things ... but it is necessary that the pupil is good in math.
A few years ago, the
professors saw appearing the graphic calculators in their classes, sometimes
with a little mistrust.
- Today, some seem to
believe that the TI-92 (and TI-89) are a tool which should not be authorized
with the pupils. I am not okay with this opinion!
- Let us take a very
simple example: during a calculation of limit, there are often " indeterminations
". The TI-92 gives despite everything the result, for it can raise them...
after automatic simplification of the expression (except if division by 0,
fortunately!). The pupil who recopies a such result without reflect (you want
names!!!) the calculation will obviously not have observed which had to be
carried out (development, put at the same denominator) and consequently will
not have made a success of its duty!
- In this project, it
is obvious that the TI concerns are not only commercial, but indicate of a
large respect for the public, as well student as teacher. To take an example
characteristic of these orientations, the handbook in French language of the
TI83/89/92 written by a French teacher in preparatory classes, is a model
of pedagogy and clearness.
- It is at the request
of the teachers that Texas Instruments designed this teaching aid.
Texas places at the disposal to the colleges calculators with VIEW-SCREEN
for a use in class. This hardware makes it possible to familiarize the pupil
with the new technologies implemented for the training of mathematics.
- The user should not
limit the use of the TI-89/92 to basic calculations (integrate, derivative,
expand...).
- Could you for example
calculate the exact value of cos(p /15) or sin(p /17) with the TI-92?!
- It is necessary to
learn how to handle it with the manner of a microcomputer, and more not to
seek the various commands in the menus, but to directly type the command wished
with the keyboard (a little more difficult with the TI-89!!!)
- I do not know how
the concurrent chains will be able to do better than the TI-92 (is it possible?)
more especially with TI-92 Plus has a eeprom (FlashROM) which
makes it possible to update the whole of the computer, and make it evolve
to future fonctionnabilities and software.
- Never let
us forget that Texas was the first to introduce such a formal computational
tool at the disposal of the pupils... and especially with a disconcerting
facility of use.
After all this time of
use (August 95), I do not even see where the limits of this platform are so
much it knew to join together two assets up to now irreconcilable: mathematical
and geometrical possibilities fabulous and a facility of use not less extraordinary...
